// Copyright (c) 2017 Siegfried Pammer
// 
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this
// software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software
// without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
// publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons
// to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
// 
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or
// substantial portions of the Software.
// 
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
// INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
// PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE
// FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ICSharpCode.Decompiler.IL.Transforms
{
	/// <summary>
	/// Transform for constructing the NullCoalescingInstruction (if.notnull(a,b), or in C#: ??)
	/// Note that this transform only handles the case where a,b are reference types.
	/// 
	/// The ?? operator for nullable value types is handled by NullableLiftingTransform.
	/// </summary>
	class NullCoalescingTransform : IStatementTransform
	{
		public void Run(Block block, int pos, StatementTransformContext context)
		{
			TransformRefTypes(block, pos, context);
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Handles NullCoalescingInstruction case 1: reference types.
		/// 
		/// stloc s(valueInst)
		/// if (comp(ldloc s == ldnull)) {
		///		stloc s(fallbackInst)
		/// }
		/// =>
		/// stloc s(if.notnull(valueInst, fallbackInst))
		/// </summary>
		bool TransformRefTypes(Block block, int pos, StatementTransformContext context)
		{
			if (!(block.Instructions[pos] is StLoc stloc))
				return false;
			if (stloc.Variable.Kind != VariableKind.StackSlot)
				return false;
			if (!block.Instructions[pos + 1].MatchIfInstruction(out var condition, out var trueInst))
				return false;
			if (!(condition.MatchCompEquals(out var left, out var right) && left.MatchLdLoc(stloc.Variable) && right.MatchLdNull()))
				return false;
			trueInst = Block.Unwrap(trueInst);
			if (trueInst.MatchStLoc(stloc.Variable, out var fallbackValue)) {
				context.Step("NullCoalescingTransform: simple (reference types)", stloc);
				stloc.Value = new NullCoalescingInstruction(NullCoalescingKind.Ref, stloc.Value, fallbackValue);
				block.Instructions.RemoveAt(pos + 1); // remove if instruction
				ILInlining.InlineOneIfPossible(block, pos, InliningOptions.None, context);
				return true;
			}
			// sometimes the compiler generates:
			// stloc s(valueInst)
			// if (comp(ldloc s == ldnull)) {
			//		stloc v(fallbackInst)
			//      stloc s(ldloc v)
			// }
			// v must be single-assign and single-use.
			if (trueInst is Block trueBlock && trueBlock.Instructions.Count == 2
				&& trueBlock.Instructions[0].MatchStLoc(out var temporary, out fallbackValue)
				&& temporary.IsSingleDefinition && temporary.LoadCount == 1
				&& trueBlock.Instructions[1].MatchStLoc(stloc.Variable, out var useOfTemporary)
				&& useOfTemporary.MatchLdLoc(temporary)) {
				context.Step("NullCoalescingTransform: with temporary variable (reference types)", stloc);
				stloc.Value = new NullCoalescingInstruction(NullCoalescingKind.Ref, stloc.Value, fallbackValue);
				block.Instructions.RemoveAt(pos + 1); // remove if instruction
				ILInlining.InlineOneIfPossible(block, pos, InliningOptions.None, context);
				return true;
			}
			return false;
		}
	}
}