vaapi cqp rate control mode (#1319)

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/).
 - Skip checking for subtitles to extract when subtitles are not enabled on a channel/schedule item
 - Properly scale subtitles when using hardware acceleration
 - Fix color normalization of content with missing color metadata when using NVIDIA acceleration
+- `VAAPI`: explicitly use `CQP` rate control mode when it's the only compatible mode
 
 ### Changed
 - `HLS Direct` streaming mode

ErsatzTV.FFmpeg.Tests/Capabilities/Vaapi/VaapiCapabilityParserTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using ErsatzTV.FFmpeg.Capabilities.Vaapi;
+using FluentAssertions;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+
+namespace ErsatzTV.FFmpeg.Tests.Capabilities.Vaapi;
+
+[TestFixture]
+public class VaapiCapabilityParserTests
+{
+    private const string BriefOutput = @"Trying display: wayland
+vainfo: VA-API version: 1.18 (libva 2.18.2)
+vainfo: Driver version: Mesa Gallium driver 23.1.2 for AMD Radeon RX 6750 XT (navi22, LLVM 15.0.7, DRM 3.52, 6.3.8-arch1-1)
+vainfo: Supported profile and entrypoints
+      VAProfileMPEG2Simple            :	VAEntrypointVLD
+      VAProfileMPEG2Main              :	VAEntrypointVLD
+      VAProfileVC1Simple              :	VAEntrypointVLD
+      VAProfileVC1Main                :	VAEntrypointVLD
+      VAProfileVC1Advanced            :	VAEntrypointVLD
+      VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline:	VAEntrypointVLD
+      VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline:	VAEntrypointEncSlice
+      VAProfileH264Main               :	VAEntrypointVLD
+      VAProfileH264Main               :	VAEntrypointEncSlice
+      VAProfileH264High               :	VAEntrypointVLD
+      VAProfileH264High               :	VAEntrypointEncSlice
+      VAProfileHEVCMain               :	VAEntrypointVLD
+      VAProfileHEVCMain               :	VAEntrypointEncSlice
+      VAProfileHEVCMain10             :	VAEntrypointVLD
+      VAProfileHEVCMain10             :	VAEntrypointEncSlice
+      VAProfileJPEGBaseline           :	VAEntrypointVLD
+      VAProfileVP9Profile0            :	VAEntrypointVLD
+      VAProfileVP9Profile2            :	VAEntrypointVLD
+      VAProfileAV1Profile0            :	VAEntrypointVLD
+      VAProfileNone                   :	VAEntrypointVideoProc";
+
+    private const string FullOutput = @"Trying display: wayland
+vainfo: VA-API version: 1.18 (libva 2.18.2)
+vainfo: Driver version: Mesa Gallium driver 23.1.2 for AMD Radeon RX 6750 XT (navi22, LLVM 15.0.7, DRM 3.52, 6.3.8-arch1-1)
+vainfo: Supported config attributes per profile/entrypoint pair
+VAProfileMPEG2Simple/VAEntrypointVLD
+    VAConfigAttribRTFormat                 : VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420
+
+VAProfileMPEG2Main/VAEntrypointVLD
+    VAConfigAttribRTFormat                 : VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420
+
+VAProfileVC1Simple/VAEntrypointVLD
+    VAConfigAttribRTFormat                 : VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420
+
+VAProfileVC1Main/VAEntrypointVLD
+    VAConfigAttribRTFormat                 : VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420
+
+VAProfileVC1Advanced/VAEntrypointVLD
+    VAConfigAttribRTFormat                 : VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420
+
+VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline/VAEntrypointVLD
+    VAConfigAttribRTFormat                 : VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420
+
+VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline/VAEntrypointEncSlice
+    VAConfigAttribRTFormat                 : VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420
+    VAConfigAttribRateControl              : VA_RC_CBR
+                                             VA_RC_VBR
+                                             VA_RC_CQP
+    VAConfigAttribEncPackedHeaders         : VA_ENC_PACKED_HEADER_NONE
+    VAConfigAttribEncMaxRefFrames          : l0=1
+                                             l1=0
+    VAConfigAttribEncMaxSlices             : 128
+    VAConfigAttribEncSliceStructure        : VA_ENC_SLICE_STRUCTURE_POWER_OF_TWO_ROWS
+                                             VA_ENC_SLICE_STRUCTURE_EQUAL_ROWS
+    VAConfigAttribEncQualityRange          : number of supported quality levels is 32
+    VAConfigAttribEncRateControlExt        : max_num_temporal_layers_minus1=3 temporal_layer_bitrate_control_flag=1
+    VAConfigAttribMaxFrameSize             : max_frame_size=1
+                                             multiple_pass=0
+
+VAProfileH264Main/VAEntrypointVLD
+    VAConfigAttribRTFormat                 : VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420
+
+VAProfileH264Main/VAEntrypointEncSlice
+    VAConfigAttribRTFormat                 : VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420
+    VAConfigAttribRateControl              : VA_RC_CBR
+                                             VA_RC_VBR
+                                             VA_RC_CQP
+    VAConfigAttribEncPackedHeaders         : VA_ENC_PACKED_HEADER_NONE
+    VAConfigAttribEncMaxRefFrames          : l0=1
+                                             l1=0
+    VAConfigAttribEncMaxSlices             : 128
+    VAConfigAttribEncSliceStructure        : VA_ENC_SLICE_STRUCTURE_POWER_OF_TWO_ROWS
+                                             VA_ENC_SLICE_STRUCTURE_EQUAL_ROWS
+    VAConfigAttribEncQualityRange          : number of supported quality levels is 32
+    VAConfigAttribEncRateControlExt        : max_num_temporal_layers_minus1=3 temporal_layer_bitrate_control_flag=1
+    VAConfigAttribMaxFrameSize             : max_frame_size=1
+                                             multiple_pass=0
+
+VAProfileH264High/VAEntrypointVLD
+    VAConfigAttribRTFormat                 : VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420
+
+VAProfileH264High/VAEntrypointEncSlice
+    VAConfigAttribRTFormat                 : VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420
+                                             VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420_10
+                                             VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420_10BPP
+    VAConfigAttribRateControl              : VA_RC_CBR
+                                             VA_RC_VBR
+                                             VA_RC_CQP
+    VAConfigAttribEncPackedHeaders         : VA_ENC_PACKED_HEADER_NONE
+    VAConfigAttribEncMaxRefFrames          : l0=1
+                                             l1=0
+    VAConfigAttribEncMaxSlices             : 128
+    VAConfigAttribEncSliceStructure        : VA_ENC_SLICE_STRUCTURE_POWER_OF_TWO_ROWS
+                                             VA_ENC_SLICE_STRUCTURE_EQUAL_ROWS
+    VAConfigAttribEncQualityRange          : number of supported quality levels is 32
+    VAConfigAttribEncRateControlExt        : max_num_temporal_layers_minus1=3 temporal_layer_bitrate_control_flag=1
+    VAConfigAttribMaxFrameSize             : max_frame_size=1
+                                             multiple_pass=0
+
+VAProfileHEVCMain/VAEntrypointVLD
+    VAConfigAttribRTFormat                 : VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420
+
+VAProfileHEVCMain/VAEntrypointEncSlice
+    VAConfigAttribRTFormat                 : VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420
+    VAConfigAttribRateControl              : VA_RC_CBR
+                                             VA_RC_VBR
+                                             VA_RC_CQP
+    VAConfigAttribEncPackedHeaders         : VA_ENC_PACKED_HEADER_SEQUENCE
+    VAConfigAttribEncMaxRefFrames          : l0=1
+                                             l1=0
+    VAConfigAttribEncMaxSlices             : 128
+    VAConfigAttribEncSliceStructure        : VA_ENC_SLICE_STRUCTURE_POWER_OF_TWO_ROWS
+                                             VA_ENC_SLICE_STRUCTURE_EQUAL_ROWS
+    VAConfigAttribEncQualityRange          : number of supported quality levels is 32
+    VAConfigAttribMaxFrameSize             : max_frame_size=1
+                                             multiple_pass=0
+
+VAProfileHEVCMain10/VAEntrypointVLD
+    VAConfigAttribRTFormat                 : VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420
+                                             VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420_10
+                                             VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420_10BPP
+
+VAProfileHEVCMain10/VAEntrypointEncSlice
+    VAConfigAttribRTFormat                 : VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420
+                                             VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420_10
+                                             VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420_10BPP
+    VAConfigAttribRateControl              : VA_RC_CBR
+                                             VA_RC_VBR
+                                             VA_RC_CQP
+    VAConfigAttribEncPackedHeaders         : VA_ENC_PACKED_HEADER_SEQUENCE
+    VAConfigAttribEncMaxRefFrames          : l0=1
+                                             l1=0
+    VAConfigAttribEncMaxSlices             : 128
+    VAConfigAttribEncSliceStructure        : VA_ENC_SLICE_STRUCTURE_POWER_OF_TWO_ROWS
+                                             VA_ENC_SLICE_STRUCTURE_EQUAL_ROWS
+    VAConfigAttribEncQualityRange          : number of supported quality levels is 32
+    VAConfigAttribMaxFrameSize             : max_frame_size=1
+                                             multiple_pass=0
+
+VAProfileJPEGBaseline/VAEntrypointVLD
+    VAConfigAttribRTFormat                 : VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420
+                                             VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV422
+                                             VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV444
+                                             VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV400
+
+VAProfileVP9Profile0/VAEntrypointVLD
+    VAConfigAttribRTFormat                 : VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420
+
+VAProfileVP9Profile2/VAEntrypointVLD
+    VAConfigAttribRTFormat                 : VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420_10
+                                             VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420_10BPP
+
+VAProfileAV1Profile0/VAEntrypointVLD
+    VAConfigAttribRTFormat                 : VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420
+                                             VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420_10
+                                             VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420_10BPP
+
+VAProfileNone/VAEntrypointVideoProc
+    VAConfigAttribRTFormat                 : VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420
+                                             VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV422
+                                             VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV444
+                                             VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV400
+                                             VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420_10
+                                             VA_RT_FORMAT_RGB32
+                                             VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV420_10BPP";
+    
+    [Test]
+    public void ShouldParseEntrypoints()
+    {
+        List<VaapiProfileEntrypoint> brief = VaapiCapabilityParser.Parse(BriefOutput);
+        List<VaapiProfileEntrypoint> full = VaapiCapabilityParser.ParseFull(FullOutput);
+
+        brief.Count.Should().Be(20);
+        full.Count.Should().Be(20);
+    }
+    
+    [Test]
+    public void Full_ShouldParseRateControlModes()
+    {
+        List<VaapiProfileEntrypoint> full = VaapiCapabilityParser.ParseFull(FullOutput);
+
+        full.Count.Should().Be(20);
+        full.Count(e => e.VaapiEntrypoint.StartsWith("VAEntrypointEnc")).Should().BeGreaterThan(0);
+        foreach (VaapiProfileEntrypoint entrypoint in full.Where(e => e.VaapiEntrypoint.StartsWith("VAEntrypointEnc")))
+        {
+            entrypoint.RateControlModes.Count.Should().BeGreaterThan(0);
+        }
+    }
+}

ErsatzTV.FFmpeg/Capabilities/AmfHardwareCapabilities.cs

@@ -27,4 +27,7 @@ public class AmfHardwareCapabilities : IHardwareCapabilities
             _ => FFmpegCapability.Hardware
         };
     }
+
+    public Option<RateControlMode> GetRateControlMode(string videoFormat, Option<IPixelFormat> maybePixelFormat) =>
+        Option<RateControlMode>.None;
 }

ErsatzTV.FFmpeg/Capabilities/DefaultHardwareCapabilities.cs

@@ -35,4 +35,7 @@ public class DefaultHardwareCapabilities : IHardwareCapabilities
             _ => FFmpegCapability.Hardware
         };
     }
+    
+    public Option<RateControlMode> GetRateControlMode(string videoFormat, Option<IPixelFormat> maybePixelFormat) =>
+        Option<RateControlMode>.None;
 }

ErsatzTV.FFmpeg/Capabilities/HardwareCapabilitiesFactory.cs

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ public class HardwareCapabilitiesFactory : IHardwareCapabilitiesFactory
         }
 
         BufferedCommandResult result = await Cli.Wrap("vainfo")
-            .WithArguments($"--display drm --device {vaapiDevice}")
+            .WithArguments($"--display drm --device {vaapiDevice} -a")
             .WithEnvironmentVariables(envVars)
             .WithValidation(CommandResultValidation.None)
             .ExecuteBufferedAsync(Encoding.UTF8);
@@ -164,22 +164,12 @@ public class HardwareCapabilitiesFactory : IHardwareCapabilitiesFactory
                 return new DefaultHardwareCapabilities();
             }
 
-            profileEntrypoints = new List<VaapiProfileEntrypoint>();
+            foreach (string o in output)
-
-            foreach (string line in string.Join("", output).Split("\n"))
             {
-                const string PROFILE_ENTRYPOINT_PATTERN = @"(VAProfile\w*).*(VAEntrypoint\w*)";
+                profileEntrypoints = VaapiCapabilityParser.ParseFull(o);
-                Match match = Regex.Match(line, PROFILE_ENTRYPOINT_PATTERN);
-                if (match.Success)
-                {
-                    profileEntrypoints.Add(
-                        new VaapiProfileEntrypoint(
-                            match.Groups[1].Value.Trim(),
-                            match.Groups[2].Value.Trim()));
-                }
             }
 
-            if (profileEntrypoints.Any())
+            if (profileEntrypoints?.Any() ?? false)
             {
                 _logger.LogInformation(
                     "Detected {Count} VAAPI profile entrypoints for using {Driver} {Device}",

ErsatzTV.FFmpeg/Capabilities/IHardwareCapabilities.cs

@@ -13,4 +13,8 @@ public interface IHardwareCapabilities
         string videoFormat,
         Option<string> videoProfile,
         Option<IPixelFormat> maybePixelFormat);
+
+    public Option<RateControlMode> GetRateControlMode(
+        string videoFormat,
+        Option<IPixelFormat> maybePixelFormat);
 }

ErsatzTV.FFmpeg/Capabilities/NoHardwareCapabilities.cs

@@ -15,4 +15,7 @@ public class NoHardwareCapabilities : IHardwareCapabilities
         Option<string> videoProfile,
         Option<IPixelFormat> maybePixelFormat) =>
         FFmpegCapability.Software;
+    
+    public Option<RateControlMode> GetRateControlMode(string videoFormat, Option<IPixelFormat> maybePixelFormat) =>
+        Option<RateControlMode>.None;
 }

ErsatzTV.FFmpeg/Capabilities/NvidiaHardwareCapabilities.cs

@@ -115,4 +115,7 @@ public class NvidiaHardwareCapabilities : IHardwareCapabilities
         _logger.LogWarning("FFmpeg does not contain codec {Codec}; will fall back to software codec", codec);
         return FFmpegCapability.Software;
     }
+    
+    public Option<RateControlMode> GetRateControlMode(string videoFormat, Option<IPixelFormat> maybePixelFormat) =>
+        Option<RateControlMode>.None;
 }

ErsatzTV.FFmpeg/Capabilities/Vaapi/VaapiCapabilityParser.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
+
+namespace ErsatzTV.FFmpeg.Capabilities.Vaapi;
+
+public static class VaapiCapabilityParser
+{
+    public static List<VaapiProfileEntrypoint> Parse(string output)
+    {
+        var profileEntrypoints = new List<VaapiProfileEntrypoint>();
+
+        foreach (string line in string.Join("", output).Split("\n"))
+        {
+            const string PROFILE_ENTRYPOINT_PATTERN = @"(VAProfile\w*).*(VAEntrypoint\w*)";
+            Match match = Regex.Match(line, PROFILE_ENTRYPOINT_PATTERN);
+            if (match.Success)
+            {
+                profileEntrypoints.Add(
+                    new VaapiProfileEntrypoint(
+                        match.Groups[1].Value.Trim(),
+                        match.Groups[2].Value.Trim()));
+            }
+        }
+
+        return profileEntrypoints;
+    }
+    
+    public static List<VaapiProfileEntrypoint> ParseFull(string output)
+    {
+        var profileEntrypoints = new List<VaapiProfileEntrypoint>();
+        var profile = new VaapiProfileEntrypoint(string.Empty, string.Empty);
+        string[] allLines = string.Join("", output).Split("\n");
+
+        for (var i = 0; i < allLines.Length; i++)
+        {
+            string line = allLines[i];
+            const string PROFILE_ENTRYPOINT_PATTERN = @"(VAProfile\w*).*(VAEntrypoint\w*)";
+            const string PROFILE_RATE_CONTROL_PATTERN = @".*VA_RC_(\w*).*";
+            Match match = Regex.Match(line, PROFILE_ENTRYPOINT_PATTERN);
+            if (match.Success)
+            {
+                profile = new VaapiProfileEntrypoint(match.Groups[1].Value.Trim(), match.Groups[2].Value.Trim());
+                profileEntrypoints.Add(profile);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                // check for rate control
+                match = Regex.Match(line, PROFILE_RATE_CONTROL_PATTERN);
+                if (match.Success)
+                {
+                    switch (match.Groups[1].Value.Trim().ToLowerInvariant())
+                    {
+                        case "cqp":
+                            profile.AddRateControlMode(RateControlMode.CQP);
+                            break;
+                        case "vbr":
+                            profile.AddRateControlMode(RateControlMode.VBR);
+                            break;
+                        case "cbr":
+                            profile.AddRateControlMode(RateControlMode.CBR);
+                            break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return profileEntrypoints;
+    }
+}

ErsatzTV.FFmpeg/Capabilities/Vaapi/VaapiProfileEntrypoint.cs

@@ -1,3 +1,13 @@
 namespace ErsatzTV.FFmpeg.Capabilities.Vaapi;
 
-public record VaapiProfileEntrypoint(string VaapiProfile, string VaapiEntrypoint);
+public record VaapiProfileEntrypoint(string VaapiProfile, string VaapiEntrypoint)
+{
+    private readonly System.Collections.Generic.HashSet<RateControlMode> _rateControlModes = new();
+
+    public IReadOnlyCollection<RateControlMode> RateControlModes => _rateControlModes;
+
+    public bool AddRateControlMode(RateControlMode mode)
+    {
+        return _rateControlModes.Add(mode);
+    }
+}

ErsatzTV.FFmpeg/Capabilities/VaapiHardwareCapabilities.cs

@@ -122,28 +122,32 @@ public class VaapiHardwareCapabilities : IHardwareCapabilities
             VideoFormat.H264 when bitDepth == 10 => false,
 
             VideoFormat.H264 =>
-                _profileEntrypoints.Contains(
+                _profileEntrypoints.Any(e => e is
-                    new VaapiProfileEntrypoint(VaapiProfile.H264Main, VaapiEntrypoint.Encode)) ||
+                {
-                _profileEntrypoints.Contains(
+                    VaapiProfile: VaapiProfile.H264Main,
-                    new VaapiProfileEntrypoint(VaapiProfile.H264Main, VaapiEntrypoint.EncodeLowPower)),
+                    VaapiEntrypoint: VaapiEntrypoint.Encode or VaapiEntrypoint.EncodeLowPower
+                }),
 
             VideoFormat.Hevc when bitDepth == 10 =>
-                _profileEntrypoints.Contains(
+                _profileEntrypoints.Any(e => e is
-                    new VaapiProfileEntrypoint(VaapiProfile.HevcMain10, VaapiEntrypoint.Encode)) ||
+                {
-                _profileEntrypoints.Contains(
+                    VaapiProfile: VaapiProfile.HevcMain10,
-                    new VaapiProfileEntrypoint(VaapiProfile.HevcMain10, VaapiEntrypoint.EncodeLowPower)),
+                    VaapiEntrypoint: VaapiEntrypoint.Encode or VaapiEntrypoint.EncodeLowPower
+                }),
 
             VideoFormat.Hevc =>
-                _profileEntrypoints.Contains(
+                _profileEntrypoints.Any(e => e is
-                    new VaapiProfileEntrypoint(VaapiProfile.HevcMain, VaapiEntrypoint.Encode)) ||
+                {
-                _profileEntrypoints.Contains(
+                    VaapiProfile: VaapiProfile.HevcMain,
-                    new VaapiProfileEntrypoint(VaapiProfile.HevcMain, VaapiEntrypoint.EncodeLowPower)),
+                    VaapiEntrypoint: VaapiEntrypoint.Encode or VaapiEntrypoint.EncodeLowPower
+                }),
 
             VideoFormat.Mpeg2Video =>
-                _profileEntrypoints.Contains(
+                _profileEntrypoints.Any(e => e is
-                    new VaapiProfileEntrypoint(VaapiProfile.Mpeg2Main, VaapiEntrypoint.Encode)) ||
+                {
-                _profileEntrypoints.Contains(
+                    VaapiProfile: VaapiProfile.Mpeg2Main,
-                    new VaapiProfileEntrypoint(VaapiProfile.Mpeg2Main, VaapiEntrypoint.EncodeLowPower)),
+                    VaapiEntrypoint: VaapiEntrypoint.Encode or VaapiEntrypoint.EncodeLowPower
+                }),
 
             _ => false
         };
@@ -158,4 +162,68 @@ public class VaapiHardwareCapabilities : IHardwareCapabilities
 
         return isHardware ? FFmpegCapability.Hardware : FFmpegCapability.Software;
     }
+
+    public Option<RateControlMode> GetRateControlMode(string videoFormat, Option<IPixelFormat> maybePixelFormat)
+    {
+        int bitDepth = maybePixelFormat.Map(pf => pf.BitDepth).IfNone(8);
+        Option<VaapiProfileEntrypoint> maybeEntrypoint = videoFormat switch
+        {
+            // vaapi cannot encode 10-bit h264
+            VideoFormat.H264 when bitDepth == 10 => None,
+
+            VideoFormat.H264 =>
+                _profileEntrypoints.Where(
+                        e => e is
+                        {
+                            VaapiProfile: VaapiProfile.H264Main,
+                            VaapiEntrypoint: VaapiEntrypoint.Encode or VaapiEntrypoint.EncodeLowPower
+                        })
+                    .HeadOrNone(),
+
+            VideoFormat.Hevc when bitDepth == 10 =>
+                _profileEntrypoints.Where(
+                        e => e is
+                        {
+                            VaapiProfile: VaapiProfile.HevcMain10,
+                            VaapiEntrypoint: VaapiEntrypoint.Encode or VaapiEntrypoint.EncodeLowPower
+                        })
+                    .HeadOrNone(),
+
+            VideoFormat.Hevc =>
+                _profileEntrypoints.Where(
+                        e => e is
+                        {
+                            VaapiProfile: VaapiProfile.HevcMain,
+                            VaapiEntrypoint: VaapiEntrypoint.Encode or VaapiEntrypoint.EncodeLowPower
+                        })
+                    .HeadOrNone(),
+
+            VideoFormat.Mpeg2Video =>
+                _profileEntrypoints.Where(
+                        e => e is
+                        {
+                            VaapiProfile: VaapiProfile.Mpeg2Main,
+                            VaapiEntrypoint: VaapiEntrypoint.Encode or VaapiEntrypoint.EncodeLowPower
+                        })
+                    .HeadOrNone(),
+
+            _ => None
+        };
+
+        foreach (VaapiProfileEntrypoint entrypoint in maybeEntrypoint)
+        {
+            if (entrypoint.RateControlModes.Contains(RateControlMode.VBR) ||
+                entrypoint.RateControlModes.Contains(RateControlMode.CBR))
+            {
+                return Option<RateControlMode>.None;
+            }
+
+            if (entrypoint.RateControlModes.Contains(RateControlMode.CQP))
+            {
+                return RateControlMode.CQP;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return Option<RateControlMode>.None;
+    }
 }

ErsatzTV.FFmpeg/Encoder/Vaapi/EncoderH264Vaapi.cs

@@ -4,8 +4,29 @@ namespace ErsatzTV.FFmpeg.Encoder.Vaapi;
 
 public class EncoderH264Vaapi : EncoderBase
 {
+    private readonly RateControlMode _rateControlMode;
+
+    public EncoderH264Vaapi(RateControlMode rateControlMode) => _rateControlMode = rateControlMode;
+    
     public override string Name => "h264_vaapi";
+    
     public override StreamKind Kind => StreamKind.Video;
+    
+    public override IList<string> OutputOptions
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            IList<string> result = base.OutputOptions;
+
+            if (_rateControlMode == RateControlMode.CQP)
+            {
+                result.Add("-rc_mode");
+                result.Add("1");
+            }
+            
+            return result;
+        }
+    }
 
     public override FrameState NextState(FrameState currentState) => currentState with
     {

ErsatzTV.FFmpeg/Encoder/Vaapi/EncoderHevcVaapi.cs

@@ -4,9 +4,30 @@ namespace ErsatzTV.FFmpeg.Encoder.Vaapi;
 
 public class EncoderHevcVaapi : EncoderBase
 {
+    private readonly RateControlMode _rateControlMode;
+
+    public EncoderHevcVaapi(RateControlMode rateControlMode) => _rateControlMode = rateControlMode;
+
     public override string Name => "hevc_vaapi";
+    
     public override StreamKind Kind => StreamKind.Video;
 
+    public override IList<string> OutputOptions
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            IList<string> result = base.OutputOptions;
+
+            if (_rateControlMode == RateControlMode.CQP)
+            {
+                result.Add("-rc_mode");
+                result.Add("1");
+            }
+            
+            return result;
+        }
+    }
+
     public override FrameState NextState(FrameState currentState) => currentState with
     {
         VideoFormat = VideoFormat.Hevc

ErsatzTV.FFmpeg/Encoder/Vaapi/EncoderMpeg2Vaapi.cs

@@ -4,8 +4,29 @@ namespace ErsatzTV.FFmpeg.Encoder.Vaapi;
 
 public class EncoderMpeg2Vaapi : EncoderBase
 {
+    private readonly RateControlMode _rateControlMode;
+
+    public EncoderMpeg2Vaapi(RateControlMode rateControlMode) => _rateControlMode = rateControlMode;
+
     public override string Name => "mpeg2_vaapi";
+    
     public override StreamKind Kind => StreamKind.Video;
+    
+    public override IList<string> OutputOptions
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            IList<string> result = base.OutputOptions;
+
+            if (_rateControlMode == RateControlMode.CQP)
+            {
+                result.Add("-rc_mode");
+                result.Add("1");
+            }
+            
+            return result;
+        }
+    }
 
     public override FrameState NextState(FrameState currentState) => currentState with
     {

ErsatzTV.FFmpeg/Pipeline/VaapiPipelineBuilder.cs

@@ -197,12 +197,16 @@ public class VaapiPipelineBuilder : SoftwarePipelineBuilder
         // after everything else is done, apply the encoder
         if (pipelineSteps.OfType<IEncoder>().All(e => e.Kind != StreamKind.Video))
         {
+            RateControlMode rateControlMode =
+                _hardwareCapabilities.GetRateControlMode(videoStream.Codec, videoStream.PixelFormat)
+                    .IfNone(RateControlMode.VBR);
+            
             Option<IEncoder> maybeEncoder =
                 (ffmpegState.EncoderHardwareAccelerationMode, desiredState.VideoFormat) switch
                 {
-                    (HardwareAccelerationMode.Vaapi, VideoFormat.Hevc) => new EncoderHevcVaapi(),
+                    (HardwareAccelerationMode.Vaapi, VideoFormat.Hevc) => new EncoderHevcVaapi(rateControlMode),
-                    (HardwareAccelerationMode.Vaapi, VideoFormat.H264) => new EncoderH264Vaapi(),
+                    (HardwareAccelerationMode.Vaapi, VideoFormat.H264) => new EncoderH264Vaapi(rateControlMode),
-                    (HardwareAccelerationMode.Vaapi, VideoFormat.Mpeg2Video) => new EncoderMpeg2Vaapi(),
+                    (HardwareAccelerationMode.Vaapi, VideoFormat.Mpeg2Video) => new EncoderMpeg2Vaapi(rateControlMode),
 
                     (_, _) => GetSoftwareEncoder(currentState, desiredState)
                 };

ErsatzTV.FFmpeg/RateControlMode.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
+
+namespace ErsatzTV.FFmpeg;
+
+[SuppressMessage("ReSharper", "InconsistentNaming")]
+public enum RateControlMode
+{
+    CBR,
+    CQP,
+    VBR
+}