Add marshalling for `std::optional` <=> `System::Nullable` (#1902)

src/Generator/Types/Std/Stdlib.CLI.cs

@@ -121,6 +121,110 @@ namespace CppSharp.Types.Std.CLI
                 ctx.ReturnVarName);
         }
     }
+    
+    [TypeMap("std::optional", GeneratorKindID = GeneratorKind.CLI_ID)]
+    public class Optional : TypeMap
+    {
+        public override bool IsIgnored
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                var finalType = Type.GetFinalPointee() ?? Type;
+                if (finalType is not TemplateSpecializationType type)
+                {
+                    var injectedClassNameType = (InjectedClassNameType)finalType;
+                    type = (TemplateSpecializationType)injectedClassNameType.InjectedSpecializationType.Type;
+                }
+                var checker = new TypeIgnoreChecker(TypeMapDatabase);
+                type.Arguments[0].Type.Visit(checker);
+
+                return checker.IsIgnored;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public override Type SignatureType(TypePrinterContext ctx)
+        {
+            return new CustomType($"System::Nullable<{ ctx.GetTemplateParameterList() }>");
+        }
+
+        public override void MarshalToNative(MarshalContext ctx)
+        {
+            var desugared = Type.Desugar();
+            var templateType = desugared as TemplateSpecializationType;
+            var type = templateType!.Arguments[0].Type;
+            var isPointerToPrimitive = type.Type.IsPointerToPrimitiveType();
+            var managedType = isPointerToPrimitive
+                ? new CILType(typeof(nint))
+                : type.Type;
+
+            var paramName = ctx.Parameter?.Name ?? ctx.ArgName;
+
+            ctx.Before.WriteLineIndent("if (!{0}.HasValue)", paramName);
+            ctx.Before.WriteOpenBraceAndIndent();
+            {
+                ctx.Before.WriteLine("{0} = std::nullopt;", ctx.ReturnVarName);
+                ctx.Before.WriteLine("return;");
+                ctx.Before.UnindentAndWriteCloseBrace();
+            }
+
+            var param = new Parameter
+            {
+                Name = paramName + ".Value",
+                QualifiedType = type
+            };
+
+            var elementCtx = new MarshalContext(ctx.Context, ctx.Indentation)
+            {
+                Parameter = param,
+                ArgName = param.Name,
+            };
+
+            var marshal = new CLIMarshalManagedToNativePrinter(elementCtx);
+            type.Type.Visit(marshal);
+
+            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(marshal.Context.Before))
+                ctx.Before.Write(marshal.Context.Before);
+
+            if (isPointerToPrimitive)
+                ctx.Return.Write("{0}.ToPointer()", marshal.Context.Return);
+            else
+                ctx.Return.Write(marshal.Context.Return);
+        }
+
+        public override void MarshalToManaged(MarshalContext ctx)
+        {
+            var desugared = Type.Desugar();
+            var templateType = desugared as TemplateSpecializationType;
+            var type = templateType!.Arguments[0].Type;
+            var isPointerToPrimitive = type.Type.IsPointerToPrimitiveType();
+            var managedType = isPointerToPrimitive
+                ? new CILType(typeof(nint))
+                : type.Type;
+
+            ctx.Before.WriteLineIndent("if (!{0}.has_value())", ctx.ArgName);
+            {
+                ctx.Before.WriteLine("return {};");
+                ctx.Before.Unindent();
+            }
+
+            var elementCtx = new MarshalContext(ctx.Context, ctx.Indentation)
+            {
+                ReturnVarName = ctx.ReturnVarName + ".value()",
+                ReturnType = type
+            };
+
+            var marshal = new CLIMarshalNativeToManagedPrinter(elementCtx);
+            type.Type.Visit(marshal);
+
+            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(marshal.Context.Before))
+                ctx.Before.Write(marshal.Context.Before);
+
+            if (isPointerToPrimitive)
+                ctx.Return.Write("{0}({1})", managedType, marshal.Context.Return);
+            else
+                ctx.Return.Write(marshal.Context.Return);
+        }
+    }
 
     [TypeMap("std::vector", GeneratorKindID = GeneratorKind.CLI_ID)]
     public class Vector : TypeMap
@@ -159,8 +263,7 @@ namespace CppSharp.Types.Std.CLI
                 ? new CILType(typeof(System.IntPtr))
                 : type.Type;
 
-            var entryString = (ctx.Parameter != null) ? ctx.Parameter.Name
-                : ctx.ArgName;
+            var entryString = ctx.Parameter?.Name ?? ctx.ArgName;
 
             var tmpVarName = "_tmp" + entryString;
 
@@ -314,7 +417,7 @@ namespace CppSharp.Types.Std.CLI
     [TypeMap("std::nullptr_t", GeneratorKindID = GeneratorKind.CLI_ID)]
     public class NullPtr : TypeMap
     {
-        public override bool DoesMarshalling { get { return false; } }
+        public override bool DoesMarshalling => false;
 
         public override void CLITypeReference(CLITypeReferenceCollector collector,
             ASTRecord<Declaration> loc)